M.Sc. Forensic Science FSMS SI 5: Forensic Biology and Anthropology Question Bank

 NATIONAL FORENSIC SCIENCE UNIVERSITY NFSU Academy, Pune M.Sc. Forensic Science FSMS SI 5: Forensic Biology and Anthropology Question Bank 

UNIT 1: ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN DETAIL (09 M): 

1. A body in a blood pool was recovered in an indoor crime scene. A blood-stained fingerprint was observed on one of the window panes of the room and there were two glasses with half-filled coloured liquids present on a table in the room itself. There was an ashtray and a few cigarette buds present on the table itself. A half-broken glass bottle stained with blood was also seen beside the body. The deceased person showed the presence of wounds on the head portion. 

a. Identify the different evidences that need to be collected from the crime scene. (03 marks)

 b. Discuss the collection, packaging and preservation methods to be used for any 04 evidences. (06 marks) 

2. In a mass disaster case, a number of skeletal remains were recovered which needed to be analysed for the purpose of identification of the deceased. There were dental remains too that were recovered. However, there were certain cadavers which had not undergone complete decomposition and showed the signs of putrefaction- i.e. microbial activity. Certain corpses were identified which were more recent in times and showed the presence of a number of wound patterns, injuries and entomological evidences on and around them. 

A. Identify what evidence should be forwarded to which branch of forensic biology and why. (03 marks) 

B. Give a detailed description of the branches of forensic biology to which each of the samples needs to be forwarded. (06 marks) 

3. Describe in detail the macroscopic and microscopic features of human hair. Discuss their significance with proper examples in forensic science.

 4. A call was received at a police station in Pune about an incident of rape that had occurred along an area in the outskirts of Pune. After the suspected crime, the criminal was presumed to have run away abandoning the victim in a semi-conscious state.

 a. Discuss any three different types of trace evidences that could be encountered at the crime scene and their significance. (06 marks) 

b. Discuss the collection and packaging methods employed for these evidences. (03 marks) 

5. Elaborate on the scope of forensic biology along with description of the different domains of forensic biology. 

ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS – 4M 

1. Explain the forensic significance of diatoms. 

2. Explain the mechanism of transfer of hair and give its significance in forensic scenarios 

3. Describe with a well-labelled diagram the different parts of hair as observed under a compound microscope. 

4. Differentiate between animal and human hair. 

5. Illustrate the importance of different biological evidences in forensic sciences with the help of a case study. 

6. Explain the structure of diatom with a well-labelled diagram. 

7. Identify the domains of forensic biology into which they could be classified depending on the given below evidences. Discuss the collection, packaging and preservation of these evidences:

 a. Skeletal remains 

b. Pool of blood 

8. Elaborate on at least 04 different types of biological evidences encountered in different types of crimes- their collection and packaging procedures along with their forensic significance. 

9. Elaborate on the examination of diatoms in forensic sciences. 

10. Explain the different macroscopic characteristic features of hair. 

11. Illustrate with appropriate examples the different methods used for collection of biological evidences.

 ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS- 02 M 

1. Being a forensic scientist list the factors that will help to narrow down the investigation due to diatoms as evidences. 

2. Explain the anatomy of diatoms with its types. 

3. Describe the different parts of a human hair sample in detail. 

4. Enlist four different characteristics of hair that can be used to differentiate between male and female individuals. 

5. Enlist the types of diatoms classified based on their symmetry. 

6. Define medullary index and its significance in forensic sciences. 

7. Enlist the different domains of forensic biology. 

8. Define frustules.

 9. Enlist the different types of scale patterns seen in animal hair samples. 

10. Identify the significance of blood as an evidence in forensic science. 

UNIT 2: INTRODUCTION TO CLASSICAL GENETICS ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN DETAIL (09 M): 

1. Explain the Griffith experiment and the Hershey Chase experiment in detail and highlight their interpretations. 

2. Explain the organization of DNA within the nucleus with appropriate diagrams. 

3. Elaborate on sex-linked inheritance of traits with the help of Mendelian pedigree patterns and appropriate pedigree charts.

 4. Explain the structure of DNA along with a proper well-labelled diagram. 

5. Elaborate the different laws of inheritance with proper examples. 

6. Explain the autosomal Mendelian pedigree patterns in detail. 

7. Elaborate on the inheritance of sickle-cell anemia with an appropriate pedigree chart. 

8. Illustrate the extensions of Mendelian laws of inheritance with proper examples. 

ANSWER THE FOLLOWING -04 MARKS 

1. Elaborate on the pedigree pattern of X-linked traits 

2. Discuss the different forms of DNA in detail. 

3. Explain the pedigree pattern of Autosomal dominant traits with proper diagram. 

4. Describe codominance with proper example. 

5. Discuss the concept of pedigree analysis and depict the different symbols used in a pedigree along with their meanings. 

6. Discuss incomplete dominance with proper example 

7. Explain the double helical DNA model proposed by Watson and Crick with proper diagram 

8. Discuss the Avery, Macleod and McCarty experiment in detail and its interpretation. 

9. Explain the pedigree pattern of Autosomal recessive traits and give examples.

 10. Discuss the extensions of Mendelian laws of inheritance with proper examples. 

ANSWER THE FOLLOWING- 02 MARKS 

1. Enlist the name of any four scientists who have contributed in the field of DNA along with their contributions.

 2. Enlist the purines along with their chemical structures. 

3. Discuss the Chargaff’s rule. 

4. Give an example of multiple alleles. 

5. Explain the concept of pedigree analysis and its significance. 

6. Explain what you mean by nucleotide and explain its different components. 

7. Enlist the different characteristics and traits considered by Mendel in his experiments. 

8. Define holandric traits? 9. Enlist the pyrimidines present in DNA along with their chemical structures. 

10. Describe a nucleosome and its formation. 

11. Define euchromatin and heterochromatin. 

12. Discuss the law of independent assortment with a proper example. 

13. Describe phenotype and genotype. 

14. Define locus and give an appropriate example. 

15. Discuss the law of dominance with a proper example. 

16. Define haplotype and allelomorphs. 

17. Define proband in a pedigree. 

18. Define: a. Heredity b. Haploid cell 

19. State the dimensions of a histone octamer. 

20. Identify the amino acids present in excess in histone protein